When Venezuela’s National Electoral Council declared Nicolás Maduro the winner of the July 2024 presidential election, the result did not resolve a long-running crisis of legitimacy.

The United States has long played a controversial role in the politics of South America, from quiet backing of coups in the 20th century to unprecedented military action in 2026. This week’s dramatic events in Caracas have once again highlighted that history.

The Trump administration has finalised its list of country‑specific “reciprocal” tariff rates that will take effect on August 1, following a temporary suspension that extended a baseline 10% duty for most nations. The White House said affected countries will face rates ranging from 20% to 50%, replacing the interim blanket levy introduced in April 2025.